|
Genesis (A, B, Aleph) |
Wisdom (B) |
Lamentations (B) |
1 Thessalonians (A, B, Aleph) |
|
Exodus (A, B) |
Ecclesiasticus (B) |
Ezekiel (B, Aleph) |
2 Thessalonians (A, B, Aleph) |
|
Leviticus (A, B) |
Esther (B, Aleph) |
Daniel (B, Aleph) |
1 Timothy (A, Aleph) |
|
Numbers (A, B, Aleph) |
Tobit (B, Aleph) |
1 Maccabees (B, Aleph) |
2 Timothy (A, Aleph) |
|
Deuteronomy (A, B) |
Judith (B, Aleph) |
2 Maccabees (B) |
Titus (A, Aleph) |
|
Joshua (A, B) |
Tobit (B, Aleph) |
3 Maccabees (B) |
Philemon (A, Aleph) |
|
Judges (A, B) |
Hosea (A, B) |
4 Maccabees (B, Aleph) |
Hebrews (A, B, Aleph) |
|
Ruth (A, B) |
Joel (A, B, Aleph) |
Matthew (A, B, Aleph) |
James (A, B, Aleph) |
|
1 Samuel (A, B) |
Amos (A, B, Aleph) |
Mark (A, B, Aleph) |
1 Peter (A, B, Aleph) |
|
2 Samuel (A, B) |
Obadiah (A, B, Aleph) |
Luke (A, B, Aleph) |
2 Peter (A, B, Aleph) |
|
1 Chronicles (A, B, Aleph) |
Johan (A, B, Aleph) |
John (A, B, Aleph) |
1 John (A, B, Aleph) |
|
2 Chronicles (A, B) |
Micah (A, B, Aleph) |
Acts (A, B, Aleph) |
2 John (A, B, Aleph) |
|
1 Esdras (B) |
Nahum (A, B, Aleph) |
Romans (A, B, Aleph) |
3 John (A, B, Aleph) |
|
2 Esdras (Ezra-Nehemiah) (B, Aleph) |
Habakkuk (A, B, Aleph) |
1 Corinthians (A, B, Aleph) |
Jude (A, B, Aleph) |
|
Psalms (A, B, Aleph) |
Zephaniah (A, B, Aleph) |
2 Corinthians (A, B, Aleph) |
Revelation (A, Aleph) |
|
Proverbs (A, B, Aleph) |
Malachi (A, B, Aleph) |
Galatians (A, B, Aleph) |
Barnabas (Aleph) |
|
Ecclesiastes (A, B, Aleph) |
Isaiah (B) |
Ephesians (A, B, Aleph) |
Shepherd of Hermas
(Aleph) |
|
Song of Songs (A, B, Aleph) |
Jeremiah (B) |
Philippians (A, B, Aleph) |
|
|
Job (A, B, Aleph) |
Baruch (B, A) |
Colossians (A, B, Aleph) |
|
Monday, December 18, 2017
Codex Totus
With the existence of codices Alexandrinius (A), Vaticanus (B), and Sinaiticus (Aleph), we can confidently assert that by sometime in the third or fourth century, the Christian Bible was composed of:
Reading the list carefully, however, the great uncials (“uncial” refers to the style of calligraphy, or handwriting) include both the Apocrypha and some books that aren’t in the modern canon, such as the Shepherd of Hermas. So clearly there is more to the story than some old, yet more-or-less complete manuscripts: we know which books the early Christians were reading, but not why those and not others. Nor do we know why some of these books were eventually dropped.
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Reformers and Canons
After Augustine’s time and the councils of Hippo and Carthage (393 and 419, respectively), there was no serious challenge to the Old ...
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Jerome was already fluent in Greek and Latin, but to learn Hebrew he went to the source: Jewish teachers who taught him to read ancient He...
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Codex Sinaiticus (L) and Codex Alexandrinius (R) at the British Museum in 1976. Photo by Ferrell Jenkins: https://ferrelljenkins.wordpres...
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Like the choosing of the books themselves, the why and wherefore of the LXX is murky. Although the books are (mostly) the same as the Hebr...
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